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Annual Report 2021

Division of Cohort Research

Manami Inoue, Motoki Iwasaki, Norie Sawada, Jun Umezawa, Takuya Imato, Hikaru Ihira, Yoshihisa Miyamoto, Takahiro Mita, Tetsuya Tajima, Shinichiro Shiozawa, Calistus Wilunda, Yuri Ishii, Utako Murai, Yingyan Gong, Ayako Toyama, Kayo Ohashi, Aya Morishita

Introduction

 The Division of Cohort Research aims to create evidence for (i) prevention of cancer and other diseases and (ii) extend the healthy life expectancy among people living in Japan, through conducting epidemiological research using a population-based cohorts (JPHC Study and JPHC-NEXT Study), domestic and international epidemiological research network framework, and the National Center Cohort Collaborative for Advancing Population Health (NC-CCAPH).

Research activities

1.  Using NC-CCAPH as a six national centers (6NC) research network to conduct collaborative epidemiological research on advanced and specialized medical care

 NC-CCAPH is the core research project of the Division of Cohort Research. It was initiated in 2017, with an aim to establish a 6NC Epidemiological Research Collaboration Platform, to conduct pooled analyses and mutual data analyses by exchange and cooperation among researchers at the 6NC. As a part of this project, the collaborative analysis platform was expanded on a secure cloud workspace and the analysis server was stabilized to facilitate efficient collaborative work.

 We have also launched a working group to make recommendations to extend the healthy life expectancy of Japanese, based on evidence for comprehensive disease prevention, which the recommendation was publicized in February, 2021. We standardized the evaluation criteria and updated the evidence evaluation of published recommendation based on these standardized criteria.

2.  Promotion of collaborative research among the six National Centers using ongoing cohort studies in the NCC

 There are four and seven ongoing collaborative studies using data from the JPHC Study and the JPHC-NEXT study, respectively. Concerning practical use of electronic medical information in cohort studies, we have also been collecting information on health insurance claims and diagnosis procedure combinations (DPCs) in the JPHC-NEXT study. We have discussed the validation study of assessment of depression using these collected claims data at the collaborative research meeting.

3.  Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study) / JPHC Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT)

 Follow-up surveys and data analysis of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study) with 140,000 local residents as subjects have been conducted continuously since 1990. Using the JPHC Study, we reported that long-term use of antihypertensive drugs may be associated with an increased incidence of colorectal and renal cancer. Additionally, we have found that dietary intake of vitamin B12 was positively associated with the risk of esophageal cancer.

 The baseline survey for the JPHC Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT) was completed at the end of 2016, and we started the 5-year follow-up survey in 2016 (Table 1). In JPHC-NEXT, we reported that working cancer survivors had more restricted physical functional capacity than cancer-free workers. In men, working cancer survivors felt happiness more frequently than cancer-free workers.

4.  The conditions and factors of coronavirus infection among National Center Staff as a part of Multicenter Observational Study

 As part of a research project supported by the National Advanced Medical Research Center Medical Research Collaboration Promotion Headquarters, we are conducting a multicenter observational study of new coronavirus infections (COVID-19) among National Cancer Center staff at Tsukiji Campus. Web questionnaire surveys and blood antibody surveys were administered from June to July 2021 including 600 participants and an additional survey including 120 participants was conducted in March 2022. Two studies using data from the NCC have been ongoing and the six NCs’ harmonized data have been used in three studies.

Future Prospects

 We hope to continue to expand and strengthen research collaboration networks to extend healthy life expectancy among Japanese, promote comprehensive inter-displinary disease prevention, and provide scientific evidence.

Table 1. Study areas and results of baseline and 5-year follow-up survey in the JPHC for the NEXT generation (JPHC-NEXT)
Table 1. Study areas and results of baseline and 5-year follow-up survey in the JPHC for the NEXT generation (JPHC-NEXT)

Table 1. Study areas and results of baseline and 5-year follow-up survey in the JPHC for the NEXT generation (JPHC-NEXT)
Table 1. Study areas and results of baseline and 5-year follow-up survey in the JPHC for the NEXT generation (JPHC-NEXT)

List of papers published in 2021

Journal

1. Wilunda C, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Meat consumption and gastric cancer risk: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 115:652-661, 2022

2. Shin A, Cho S, Jang D, Abe SK, Saito E, Rahman MS, Islam MR, Sawada N, Shu XO, Koh WP, Sadakane A, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Ito H, Nagata C, Park SK, Yuan JM, Kim J, Tsugane S, Cai H, Wen W, Ozasa K, Matsuyama S, Kanemura S, Oze I, Wada K, Wang R, Yoo KY, Potter JD, Ahsan H, Boffetta P, Chia KS, Matsuo K, Qiao YL, Rothman N, Zheng W, Inoue M, Kang D. Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Men and Women in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Thyroid: official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 32:306-314, 2022

3. Sawada N, Nakaya T, Kashima S, Yorifuji T, Hanibuchi T, Charvat H, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Iso H, Tsugane S. Long-term exposure to fine particle matter and all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in Japan: the JPHC Study. BMC public health, 22:466, 2022

4. Katagiri R, Yamaji T, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Total, animal, and plant protein intake and pneumonia mortality in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 115:781-789, 2022

5. Khairan P, Sobue T, Eshak ES, Zha L, Kitamura T, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Yamaji T, Iso H, Tsugane S. Association of B Vitamins and Methionine Intake with the Risk of Gastric Cancer: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 15:101-110, 2022

6. Inoue M, Hirabayashi M, Abe SK, Katanoda K, Sawada N, Lin Y, Ishihara J, Takachi R, Nagata C, Saito E, Goto A, Ueda K, Tanaka J, Hori M, Matsuda T. Burden of cancer attributable to modifiable factors in Japan in 2015. Global health & medicine, 4:26-36, 2022

7. Imatoh T, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Association between Coffee Consumption and Risk of Prostate Cancer in Japanese Men: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Japan. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 31:471-478, 2022

8. Cai H, Sobue T, Kitamura T, Ishihara J, Nanri A, Mizoue T, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Low-carbohydrate diet and risk of cancer incidence: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study. Cancer science, 113:744-755, 2022

9. Yang JJ, Yu D, Shu XO, Wen W, Rahman S, Abe S, Saito E, Gupta PC, He J, Tsugane S, Gao YT, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Sadakane A, Tomata Y, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Matsuo K, Ahn YO, Park SK, Chen Y, Inoue M, Kang D, Zheng W. Reduction in total and major cause-specific mortality from tobacco smoking cessation: a pooled analysis of 16 population-based cohort studies in Asia. International journal of epidemiology, 50:2070-2081, 2022

10. Tamura T, Wakai K, Lin Y, Tamakoshi A, Utada M, Ozasa K, Sugawara Y, Tsuji I, Ono A, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Ito H, Nagata C, Kitamura T, Naito M, Tanaka K, Shimazu T, Mizoue T, Matsuo K, Inoue M. Alcohol intake and stomach cancer risk in Japan: A pooled analysis of six cohort studies. Cancer science, 113:261-276, 2022

11. Ma E, Shimazu T, Song M, Charvat H, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Inoue M, Camargo MC, Kemp TJ, Pfeiffer RM, Pinto LA, Rabkin CS, Tsugane S. Circulating Inflammation Markers and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Prospective Case-Cohort Study in Japan. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 31:236-241, 2022

12. Suzuki S, Katagiri R, Yamaji T, Sawada N, Imatoh T, Ihira H, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Iwasaki M. Association between C-reactive protein and risk of overall and 18 site-specific cancers in a Japanese case-cohort. British journal of cancer, 126:1481-1489, 2022

13. Shin S, Lee JE, Loftfield E, Shu XO, Abe SK, Rahman MS, Saito E, Islam MR, Tsugane S, Sawada N, Tsuji I, Kanemura S, Sugawara Y, Tomata Y, Sadakane A, Ozasa K, Oze I, Ito H, Shin MH, Ahn YO, Park SK, Shin A, Xiang YB, Cai H, Koh WP, Yuan JM, Yoo KY, Chia KS, Boffetta P, Ahsan H, Zheng W, Inoue M, Kang D, Potter JD, Matsuo K, Qiao YL, Rothman N, Sinha R. Coffee and tea consumption and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer: a pooled analysis of prospective studies from the Asia Cohort Consortium. International journal of epidemiology, 51:626-640, 2022

14. Ogawa K, Morisaki N, Piedvache A, Nagata C, Sago H, Urayama KY, Arima K, Nishimura T, Sakata K, Tanno K, Yamagishi K, Iso H, Yasuda N, Kato T, Saito I, Goto A, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Sawada N, Tsugane S. Association Between Birth Weight and Risk of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension and Gestational Diabetes in Japanese Women: JPHC-NEXT Study. Journal of epidemiology, 32:168-173, 2022

15. Narii N, Sobue T, Zha L, Kitamura T, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Yamaji T, Tsugane S. Vegetable and fruit intake and the risk of bladder cancer: Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study. British journal of cancer, 126:1647-1658, 2022

16. Lee S, Jang J, Abe SK, Rahman S, Saito E, Islam R, Gupta PC, Sawada N, Tamakoshi A, Shu XO, Koh WP, Sadakane A, Tsuji I, Kim J, Oze I, Nagata C, You SL, Shin MH, Pednekar MS, Tsugane S, Cai H, Yuan JM, Wen W, Ozasa K, Matsuyama S, Kanemura S, Shin A, Ito H, Wada K, Sugawara Y, Chen CJ, Ahn YO, Chen Y, Ahsan H, Boffetta P, Chia KS, Matsuo K, Qiao YL, Rothman N, Zheng W, Inoue M, Kang D, Park SK. Association between body mass index and oesophageal cancer mortality: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies with >800 000 individuals in the Asia Cohort Consortium. International journal of epidemiology, 2022

17. Inoue-Choi M, Freedman ND, Saito E, Tanaka S, Hirabayashi M, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Usui Y, Ito H, Wang C, Tamakoshi A, Takeuchi T, Kitamura Y, Utada M, Ozasa K, Sugawara Y, Tsuji I, Wada K, Nagata C, Shimazu T, Mizoue T, Matsuo K, Naito M, Tanaka K, Katanoda K, Inoue M. Correction to: Low-intensity cigarette smoking and mortality risks: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies in Japan. International journal of epidemiology, 2022

18. Hose Y, Ishihara J, Kotemori A, Nakadate M, Maruya S, Tanaka J, Yatsuya H, Aoyama A, Chiang C, Konta T, Kayama T, Ueno Y, Inoue M, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Takachi R. Applicability of a web-based 24-hour dietary recall tool for Japanese populations in large-scale epidemiological studies. Journal of epidemiology, 2022

19. Mori N, Sawada N, Yamamoto J, Ishihara J, Shimazu T, Takachi R, Murai U, Nakamura K, Tanaka J, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Iso H, Kobori M, Tsugane S. Validity of dietary isothiocyanate intake estimates from a food frequency questionnaire using 24 h urinary isothiocyanate excretion as an objective biomarker: the JPHC-NEXT protocol area. European journal of clinical nutrition, 76:462-468, 2022

20. Sutoh Y, Komaki S, Yamaji T, Suzuki S, Katagiri R, Sawada N, Ono K, Ohmomo H, Hachiya T, Otsuka-Yamasaki Y, Takashima A, Umekage S, Iwasaki M, Shimizu A. Low MICA Gene Expression Confers an Increased Risk of Graves' Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Thyroid: official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 32:188-195, 2022

21. Goto A, Suzuki S, Katagiri R, Yamaji T, Sawada N, Nakatochi M, Wakai K, Hozawa A, Kinoshita K, Tanno K, Shimizu A, Ito H, Matsuo K, Iwasaki M. Public Access to Summary Statistics for Genome-wide Association Studies of Body Mass Index, Weight, and Height Among Healthy Japanese Individuals: The Japanese Consortium of Genetic Epidemiology Studies. Journal of epidemiology, 32:115-116, 2022

22. Kanehara R, Goto A, Sawada N, Mizoue T, Noda M, Hida A, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S. Association between sugar and starch intakes and type 2 diabetes risk in middle-aged adults in a prospective cohort study. European journal of clinical nutrition, 76:746-755, 2022

23. Wang X, Dong JY, Cui R, Muraki I, Shirai K, Yamagishi K, Kokubo Y, Saito I, Yatsuya H, Sawada N, Iso H, Tsugane S. Smoking cessation, weight gain and risk of cardiovascular disease. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 108:375-381, 2022

24. Charvat H, Freisling H, Noh H, Gaudet MM, Gunter MJ, Cross AJ, Tsilidis KK, Tjønneland A, Katzke V, Bergmann M, Agnoli C, Rylander C, Skeie G, Jakszyn P, Rosendahl AH, Sund M, Severi G, Tsugane S, Sawada N, Brenner H, Adami HO, Weiderpass E, Soerjomataram I, Arnold M. Excess Body Fatness during Early to Mid-Adulthood and Survival from Colorectal and Breast Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Five International Cohort Studies. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 31:325-333, 2022

25. Shrestha RM, Mizoue T, Sawada N, Matsuo K, Wada K, Tanaka K, Lin Y, Sugawara Y, Takimoto H, Kimura T, Ito H, Kitamura T, Sakata R, Tanaka S, Inoue M. Adult height in relation to the risk of colorectal cancer among the Japanese population: an evaluation based on systematic review and meta-analysis. Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 52:322-330, 2022

26. Colvin HS, Kimura T, Iso H, Ikehara S, Sawada N, Tsugane S. Risk Factors for Gallstones and Cholecystectomy: A Large-Scale Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study in Japan. Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 40:385-393, 2022

27. Ota A, Li Y, Yatsuya H, Tanno K, Sakata K, Yamagishi K, Iso H, Yasuda N, Saito I, Kato T, Arima K, Sou Y, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Goto A, Inoue M, Iwasaki M, Sawada N, Tsugane S. Working cancer survivors' physical and mental characteristics compared to cancer-free workers in Japan: a nationwide general population-based study. Journal of cancer survivorship: research and practice, 15:912-921, 2021

28. Minami T, Inoue M, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S. Alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, and subsequent risk of renal cell carcinoma: The JPHC study. Cancer science, 112:5068-5077, 2021

29. Huang HL, Abe SK, Sawada N, Takachi R, Ishihara J, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, Iso H, Mizoue T, Noda M, Hashizume M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load and mortality: Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study. European journal of nutrition, 60:4607-4620, 2021

30. Lin Y, Kawai S, Sasakabe T, Nagata C, Naito M, Tanaka K, Sugawara Y, Mizoue T, Sawada N, Matsuo K, Kitamura T, Utada M, Ito H, Shimazu T, Kikuchi S, Inoue M. Corrigendun to: Effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastric cancer incidence in the Japanese population: a systematic evidence review. Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 51:1693, 2021

31. Leung CY, Abe SK, Sawada N, Ishihara J, Takachi R, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Hashizume M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Sugary drink consumption and risk of kidney and bladder cancer in Japanese adults. Scientific reports, 11:21701, 2021

32. Watanabe Y, Katagiri R, Goto A, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and endometrial cancer risk: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. Cancer science, 112:3682-3690, 2021

33. Svensson T, Saito E, Svensson AK, Melander O, Orho-Melander M, Mimura M, Rahman S, Sawada N, Koh WP, Shu XO, Tsuji I, Kanemura S, Park SK, Nagata C, Tsugane S, Cai H, Yuan JM, Matsuyama S, Sugawara Y, Wada K, Yoo KY, Chia KS, Boffetta P, Ahsan H, Zheng W, Kang D, Potter JD, Inoue M. Association of Sleep Duration With All- and Major-Cause Mortality Among Adults in Japan, China, Singapore, and Korea. JAMA network open, 4:e2122837, 2021

34. Khairan P, Sobue T, Eshak ES, Zha L, Kitamura T, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Yamaji T, Shimazu T, Iso H, Tsugane S. Association of dietary intakes of vitamin B12, vitamin B6, folate, and methionine with the risk of esophageal cancer: the Japan Public Health Center-based (JPHC) prospective study. BMC cancer, 21:982, 2021

35. Abe SK, Narita S, Saito E, Sawada N, Shimazu T, Goto A, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Body Mass Index, Height, Weight Change, and Subsequent Lung Cancer Risk: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 30:1708-1716, 2021

36. Yamanishi R, Sawada N, Hanyuda A, Uchino M, Kawashima M, Yuki K, Tsubota K, Kato T, Saito I, Arima K, Mizukami S, Tanno K, Sakata K, Yamagishi K, Iso H, Yasuda N, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Goto A, Inoue M, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S. Relation Between Body Mass Index and Dry Eye Disease: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study for the Next Generation. Eye & contact lens, 47:449-455, 2021

37. Sasaki Y, Abe Y, Shoji M, Mizumoto N, Takeda H, Oizumi H, Yaoita T, Sawada N, Yamagishi K, Saito E, Watanabe M, Ishizawa K, Konta T, Kayama T, Tsugane S, Ueno Y, Inoue M. Reliability of self-reported questionnaire for epidemiological investigation of Helicobacter pylori eradication in a population-based cohort study. Scientific reports, 11:15605, 2021

38. Matsuda T, Matsuo K, Sawada N, Inoue M. International strategy in cancer epidemiology: Japan's involvement in global projects and future role. Global health & medicine, 3:187-195, 2021

39. Lin Y, Kawai S, Sasakabe T, Nagata C, Naito M, Tanaka K, Sugawara Y, Mizoue T, Sawada N, Matsuo K, Kitamura T, Utada M, Ito H, Shimazu T, Kikuchi S, Inoue M. Effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastric cancer incidence in the Japanese population: a systematic evidence review. Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 51:1158-1170, 2021

40. Hanyuda A, Sawada N, Uchino M, Kawashima M, Yuki K, Tsubota K, Tanno K, Sakata K, Yamagishi K, Iso H, Yasuda N, Saito I, Kato T, Abe Y, Arima K, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Goto A, Inoue M, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S. Relationship between unhealthy sleep status and dry eye symptoms in a Japanese population: The JPHC-NEXT study. The ocular surface, 21:306-312, 2021

41. Wilunda C, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Reproductive Factors and Lung Cancer Risk among Never-Smoking Japanese Women with 21 Years of Follow-Up: A Cohort Study. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 30:1185-1192, 2021

42. Nozue M, Shimazu T, Charvat H, Mori N, Mutoh M, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, Inoue M, Kokubo Y, Yamagishi K, Iso H, Tsugane S. Fermented soy products intake and risk of cardiovascular disease and total cancer incidence: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective study. European journal of clinical nutrition, 75:954-968, 2021

43. Katagiri R, Goto A, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Dietary fiber intake and risk of gastric cancer: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study. International journal of cancer, 148:2664-2673, 2021

44. Yang JJ, Yu D, Shu XO, Freedman ND, Wen W, Rahman S, Abe SK, Saito E, Gupta PC, He J, Tsugane S, Gao YT, Xiang YB, Yuan JM, Tomata Y, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Matsuo K, Ahn YO, Park SK, Chen Y, Pan WH, Pednekar M, Gu D, Sawada N, Cai H, Li HL, Koh WP, Wang R, Zhang S, Kanemura S, Ito H, Shin MH, Wu PE, Yoo KY, Ahsan H, Chia KS, Boffetta P, Inoue M, Kang D, Potter JD, Zheng W. Quantifying the association of low-intensity and late initiation of tobacco smoking with total and cause-specific mortality in Asia. Tobacco control, 30:328-335, 2021

45. Camargo MC, Song M, Sawada N, Inoue M, Shimazu T, Charvat H, Pfeiffer RM, Yamaji T, Tsugane S, Rabkin CS. Prediagnostic circulating inflammation-related biomarkers and gastric cancer: A case-cohort study in Japan. Cytokine, 144:155558, 2021

46. Huang HL, Abe SK, Sawada N, Takachi R, Ishihara J, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, Iso H, Mizoue T, Noda M, Hashizume M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Association of sugary drink consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. Preventive medicine, 148:106561, 2021

47. Matsuyama S, Sawada N, Tomata Y, Zhang S, Goto A, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsuji I, Tsugane S. Association between adherence to the Japanese diet and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. European journal of nutrition, 60:1327-1336, 2021

48. Leung CY, Abe SK, Sawada N, Ishihara J, Takachi R, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Hashizume M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Sugary Drink Consumption and Subsequent Colorectal Cancer Risk: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 30:782-788, 2021

49. Kotemori A, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Ishihara J, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated With Inflammation in Japanese Men. Frontiers in nutrition, 8:604296, 2021

50. Akter S, Mizoue T, Nanri A, Goto A, Noda M, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Low carbohydrate diet and all cause and cause-specific mortality. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 40:2016-2024, 2021

51. Abe SK, Sawada N, Ishihara J, Takachi R, Mori N, Yamaji T, Shimazu T, Goto A, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Comparison between the impact of fermented and unfermented soy intake on the risk of liver cancer: the JPHC Study. European journal of nutrition, 60:1389-1401, 2021

52. Tanaka S, Goto A, Yamagishi K, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, Shimazu T, Iso H, Muraki I, Yasuda N, Saito I, Kato T, Aoyagi K, Arima K, Sakata K, Tanno K, Inoue M, Sawada N, Tsugane S. Long-term response of Helicobacter pylori antibody titer after eradication treatment in middle-aged Japanese: JPHC-NEXT Study. Journal of epidemiology, 2021

53. Tanaka K, Sobue T, Zha L, Kitamura T, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Yamaji T, Tsugane S. Effectiveness of screening using fecal occult blood test and colonoscopy on the risk of colorectal cancer: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. Journal of epidemiology, 2021

54. Inoue-Choi M, Freedman ND, Saito E, Tanaka S, Hirabayashi M, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Usui Y, Ito H, Wang C, Tamakoshi A, Takeuchi T, Kitamura Y, Utada M, Ozasa K, Sugawara Y, Tsuji I, Wada K, Nagata C, Shimazu T, Mizoue T, Matsuo K, Naito M, Tanaka K, Katanoda K, Inoue M. Low-intensity cigarette smoking and mortality risks: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies in Japan. International journal of epidemiology, 2021

55. Cui R, Iso H, Eshak ES, Maruyama K, Ishihara J, Takachi R, Sawada N, Tsugane S. Non-alcoholic beverages intake and risk of CVD among Japanese men and women: the Japan Public Health Center study. The British journal of nutrition, 1-8, 2021

56. Ikehara S, Iso H, Kokubo Y, Yamagishi K, Saito I, Yatsuya H, Kimura T, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S. Peanut Consumption and Risk of Stroke and Ischemic Heart Disease in Japanese Men and Women: The JPHC Study. Stroke, 52:3543-3550, 2021

57. Sasaki M, Ito Y, Yamasaki T, Yanagi Y, Gemmy Cheung CM, Motomura K, Kawakami S, Kinoshita T, Yuki K, Hanyuda A, Mimura M, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Tsubota K. Association of Choroidal Thickness with Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Japanese Population. Ophthalmology. Retina, 5:528-535, 2021

58. Matsui S, Sobue T, Zha L, Kitamura T, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Shimazu T, Tsugane S. Long-term antihypertensive drug use and risk of cancer: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study. Cancer science, 112:1997-2005, 2021

59. Suzuki S, Goto A, Nakatochi M, Narita A, Yamaji T, Sawada N, Katagiri R, Iwagami M, Hanyuda A, Hachiya T, Sutoh Y, Oze I, Koyanagi YN, Kasugai Y, Taniyama Y, Ito H, Ikezaki H, Nishida Y, Tamura T, Mikami H, Takezaki T, Suzuki S, Ozaki E, Kuriki K, Takashima N, Arisawa K, Takeuchi K, Tanno K, Shimizu A, Tamiya G, Hozawa A, Kinoshita K, Wakai K, Sasaki M, Yamamoto M, Matsuo K, Tsugane S, Iwasaki M. Body mass index and colorectal cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization study. Cancer science, 112:1579-1588, 2021

60. Kanehara R, Goto A, Goto M, Takahashi T, Iwasaki M, Noda M, Ihira H, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Validation study on diabetes definitions using Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination data among hospitalized patients. Journal of epidemiology, 2021

61. Fujiwara N, Shimada N, Nojima M, Ariyoshi K, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S. Exploratory research on determinants of place of death in a large-scale cohort study: the JPHC study. Journal of epidemiology, 2021

62. Gao Q, Dong JY, Cui R, Muraki I, Yamagishi K, Sawada N, Iso H, Tsugane S. Consumption of flavonoid-rich fruits, flavonoids from fruits and stroke risk: a prospective cohort study. The British journal of nutrition, 126:1717-1724, 2021

63. Nakamura K, Sawada N, Kitamura K, Watanabe Y, Tsugane S. Menstrual and reproductive factors and limitations in activities of daily living: A case-control study within the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research, 47:3903-3912, 2021

64. Wang X, Dong JY, Shirai K, Yamagishi K, Kokubo Y, Saito I, Yatsuya H, Iso H, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Having hobbies and the risk of cardiovascular disease incidence: A Japan public health center-based study. Atherosclerosis, 335:1-7, 2021

65. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. Lancet (London, England), 398:957-980, 2021

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