Annual Report 2024
Department of Analytical Pathology
Yasushi Yatabe, Taisuke Mori, Yoko Odaka
Introduction
Organ tissues consist of a diverse array of cells, each acquiring distinct biological roles and characteristics that contribute to the organ's function. Cancer cells arise from specific cells within the tissue, retaining their original biological properties following malignant transformation. As pathologists, we possess comprehensive clinicopathologic expertise across all tumor types. Leveraging this knowledge, we provide foundational support for cancer research at the NCC Research Institute through accurate cancer diagnosis, systematic tissue collection, and detailed morphological analysis.
The Team and What We Do
The Department of Analytical Pathology serves as a key research unit within the Fundamental Innovative Oncology Core (FIOC), specializing in the evaluation of biomarkers and clinicopathological characteristics through pathological analysis. Working collaboratively with the Department of Diagnostic Pathology at the NCC Hospital and the NCC Biobank, we play an integral role in cancer research, supporting the selection and assessment across all tumor types. Additionally, the department offers expert consultation and engages in joint research initiatives focused on the clinicopathological aspects of oncology-related tumors, as well as the spatial analysis of tumor tissues from a histopathological perspective.
Research Activities
1. Selection of Cases with Specific Genetic Abnormalities, Expression Abnormalities, and Clinical Characteristics
We identify and provide researchers with specific tumor groups extracted from biobank samples, such as cases with particular genetic abnormalities or aberrant expression, as well as subsets exhibiting unique clinical features in certain cancer types.
2. Support for Pilot Studies in Research Planning
Utilizing information from a pilot study cohort comprising over 600 cases of various cancer types, including WES, WTS, and tissue specimens, we support pilot study during the planning stages. Some of these efforts are conducted in collaboration with pharmaceutical companies, aiding early-stage development and evaluation.
3. Support for Pathological Genetic Analysis
Currently, differential diagnosis of some tumors requires genetic analysis. However, the molecular testing is not reimbursed under the current health care policy. In particularly diagnostically challenging cases, genetic findings play a crucial role in differential diagnosis. Therefore, we accepted and performed genetic analysis requests from consultants at the Cancer Control Research Institute's Pathology Diagnosis Consultation Services.
Education
Basic pathology and technical support are provided to graduate students and master's students within the institute. Pathological data is also supplied through collaborative research for residents and graduate students at the NCC Hospital.
Future Prospects
In partnership with the Department of Diagnostic Pathology at the NCC Hospital and the NCC Biobank, we will contribute expertise and methodologies related to tumors across various organs within their respective research projects, thereby supporting research quality and the development of biomarkers and other products for clinical use.